PEDS Advance Access originally published online on March 14, 2006
Protein Engineering Design and Selection 2006 19(5):211-217; doi:10.1093/protein/gzl003
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Limitations of yeast surface display in engineering proteins of high thermostability
1Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, 2Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 and 3Laboratory for Research on the Structure of Matter, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA 4Present address: Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
5 To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: boder{at}seas.upenn.edu
Engineering proteins that can fold to unique structures remains a challenge. Protein stability has previously been engineered via the observed correlation between thermal stability and eukaryotic secretion level. To explore the limits of an expression-based approach, variants of the highly thermostable three-helix bundle protein
3D were studied using yeast surface display. A library of
3D mutants was created to explore the possible correlation of protein stability and fold with expression level. Five efficiently expressed mutants were then purified and further studied biochemically. Despite their differences in stability, most mutants expressed at levels comparable with that of wild-type
3D. Two other related sequences (
3A and
3B) that form collapsed, stable molten globules but lack a uniquely folded structure were similarly expressed at high levels by yeast display. Together these observations suggest that the quality control system in yeast is unable to discriminate between well-folded proteins of high stability and molten globules. The present study, therefore, suggests that an optimization of the surface display efficiency on yeast may yield proteins that are thermally and chemically stable yet are poorly folded.
Keywords:
3D/helical protein/protein library/yeast surface display
Received July 15, 2005; revised December 2, 2005; accepted January 30, 2006.
Edited by James Marks
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