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PEDS Advance Access originally published online on September 8, 2009
Protein Engineering Design and Selection 2009 22(11):685-690; doi:10.1093/protein/gzp053
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© The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Accelerating phage-display library selection by reversible and site-specific biotinylation

Akiko Koide1, John Wojcik1, Ryan N. Gilbreth1, Annett Reichel2, Jacob Piehler2,{dagger} and Shohei Koide1,3

1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA 2 Division of Biophysics, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany

3 To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: skoide{at}uchicago.edu

Immobilization of a target molecule to a solid support is an indispensable step in phage display library sorting. Here we describe an immobilization method that addresses shortcomings of existing strategies. Our method is based on the use of a polyhistidine-tagged (His-tagged) target molecule and BTtris-NTA, a high-affinity capture reagent for His-tags that also contains a biotin moiety. BTtris-NTA provides a stable and reversible linkage between a His-tag and a streptavidin-coated solid support. Because His-tags are the de facto standard for recombinant protein purification, this method dramatically simplifies target preparation for phage display library sorting. Here, we demonstrate the utility of this method by selecting high-affinity binding proteins based on the fibronectin type III (FN3) scaffold to two His-tagged protein targets, yeast small ubiquitin-like modifier and maltose-binding protein. Notably, a significant number of FN3 clones binding either targets selected using the new immobilization method exhibited only very weak binding when the same target was immobilized by coating on a polystyrene surface. This suggests that the His-tag-mediated immobilization exposes epitopes that are masked by commonly used passive adsorption methods. Together, these results establish a method with the potential to streamline and enhance many binding-protein engineering experiments.

Keywords: directed evolution/high-throughput selection/monobodies/synthetic binding proteins

Received May 26, 2009; revised August 3, 2009; accepted August 10, 2009.

{dagger} Inquiry regarding BTtris-NTA availability should be addressed to J.P. E-mail: piehler{at}uos.de.


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