PEDS Advance Access published online on November 20, 2009
Protein Engineering Design and Selection, doi:10.1093/protein/gzp064
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A sulfoglycolipid beta-sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol (βSQDG) binds to Met1-Arg95 region of murine DNA polymerase lambda (Mmpol
) and inhibits its nuclear transit
Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
1 To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: kengo{at}rs.noda.tus.ac.jp
Beta-sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol (βSQDG) is a synthetic sulfoglycolipid that shows inhibitory activity of DNA polymerase
(pol
). Here we identified a βSQDG binding region within murine pol
(Mmpol
) using T7 phage display technology. We compared the binding intensity of βSQDG with recombinant phages (phages
1–6) that displayed different segments of Mmpol
. The binding assay clearly showed that phage
1, which displayed the non-structural Met1-Arg95 region including the nuclear localization signal (NLS) and part of the BRCT domain, bound more strongly to βSQDG than the other recombinant phages. Binding assays using recombinant proteins gave similar results, showing specific βSQDG binding to Met1-Arg95 with a KD value of 9.9 nM. Furthermore, in a cell-based assay, nuclear localization of EGFP-pol
was inhibited in the presence of βSQDG possibly due to binding of βSQDG to NLS. These experiments clearly show that the binding region of βSQDG within Mmpol
could be successfully identified using T7 phage display technology. We suggest that the strategy we describe here will be of value for identifying the binding site within a protein for small ligands, and will provide information that cannot be obtained using other experimental techniques due to their inherent technical limitations.
Keywords: DNA polymerase lambda/nuclear transit/sulfoquinovosylacylglycerol/T7 phage display
Received July 16, 2009; revised September 5, 2009; accepted October 4, 2009.