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PEDS Advance Access published online on October 6, 2004

Protein Engineering Design and Selection, doi:10.1093/protein/gzh078
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Received June 11, 2004
Revised August 25, 2004
Accepted September 28, 2004

Article

Deletions of single extracellular loops affect pH-sensitivity, but not voltage-dependence, of the E. coli porin OmpF

Arnaud Baslé , Randa Qutub , Mahsa Mehrazin , Jamie Wibbenmeyer , and Anne H. Delcour *

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: adelcour{at}uh.edu.


   Abstract

The molecular basis for the voltage- and pH dependence of the E. coli OmpF porin activity remains unknown. The L3 loop was previously shown not be involved in voltage-dependence. Here we have used seven OmpF mutants where single extracellular loops, except L3, were deleted one at the time. The proteins are expressed at levels comparable to wildtype and purified as trimers. Wildtype and mutant proteins were inserted into planar lipid bilayers for electrophysiological measurement of their activity. Current-voltage relationships show the typical porin channel closure at voltages greater than the critical voltage. Measurements of critical voltages for the seven deletion mutants showed no significant differences relative to wildtype, hence eliminating the role of single loops on voltage sensitivity. However, deletions of loops L1 or L7 or L8 affected the tendency of channels to close at acidic pH. Wildtype channels close more readily at acidic pH, and their open probability is decreased by ~ 60% at pH 4.0 relative to pH 7.0. For mutants lacking loop L1, L7 or L8, the channel open probability was found not to be significantly different at pH 4.0 than at pH 7.0. The other deletion mutants retained a pH-sensitivity similar to the wildtype channel. Possible mechanistic scenarios for the voltage- and pH-dependence of E. coli OmpF porin are discussed based on these results.

Keywords: Patch clamp; BLM; porin; mutants; modulation.
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